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Test tube babies, as they are commonly known, are created using IVF or In Vitro Fertilization which literally means fertilization in glass. Eggs are fertilized in a laboratory dish with sperm and then place inside the woman?s womb. When other fertilization techniques have failed, the mother may be older or there is no apparent reason for infertility, then In Vitro Fertilization is frequently recommended.

The In Vitro Fertilization process should go something like the method set out below but may differ slightly between clinics. Initially your physician will give you hormone blocking drugs normally produced during your menstrual period. The reason for this is so the physician has improved control over when your eggs are produced. After this your ovaries are stimulated by drugs to create more than one egg.

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It?s important that levels of estrogen produced by the eggs are monitored so a combination of blood tests and vaginal ultrasound scans are used. As soon as the tests show that the time is right, you will have another injection of a different hormone to help your eggs mature. The timing for this injection is crucial and must be carried out no earlier that 34 or later than 38 hours before your eggs are collected. Collecting the eggs takes about 30 minutes and is carried out using ultrasound guidance so often either drugs or a general anesthetic is given to make you feel more relaxed.

It?s about this time that the man must produce some fresh sperm. This will be stored for a short time before the sperm are washed and spun at a high speed, so that the healthiest and most active can be selected. Sperm which has been donated is kept in a freezer but the same method for preparation is used. Your eggs are then mixed with your partner?s sperm and left in a laboratory dish for 16-20 hours before they are checked to see if any have fertilized. Any that haven?t, or any that have fertilized abnormally, are discarded and the remaining embryos are then left for another 24-48 hours before being checked again.

The womb needs to be ready to accept the fertilized egg so a gel, injection or pessaries are given to ensure the lining of the womb is prepared.

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